Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) encompasses various conditions that affect neurological development, including a broad range and varying degrees. Studies indicate that, in Spain, approximately 1 in 100 people may have ASD, and its presence in educational settings has increased its detection significantly in the last decade.
Internationally, it is estimated to affect around 1 in 160 children. ASD does not discriminate by gender, race, or socioeconomic status, and its manifestations can vary widely, from difficulties in communication and social interaction to specific interests and repetitive behaviors.
Importance of Early Detection
Identifying early signs of ASD is essential to intervene and provide adequate support from an early age. Some indicators to watch out for include:
- Communication and Socialization
- Lack of eye contact.
- Difficulties in non-verbal communication.
- Failure to share experiences with others.
- Repetitive Behaviors
- Strict adherence to routines.
- Obsessive interests in specific topics.
- Repetitive movements.
- Language Development
- Speech delay or difficulties expressing oneself.
- Echolalia or repetition of words.
- Difficulties in understanding language.
- Social Interaction
- Problems relating to other children.
- Lack of empathy as understood in neurotypical individuals and difficulties in establishing friendships due to a failure in understanding and communication.
- Preference for playing alone.
- Specific Interests
- Intense focus on particular areas of interest.
It is important to remember that each child with ASD is unique and may present a different combination of symptoms and abilities.
Recommendations for Supporting Children with ASD
- Clear and Effective Communication: Use visual and concrete language, relying on images and cards to facilitate communication if necessary.
- Establish Routines and Structure: Create visual schedules that provide predictability and structure in their daily lives.
- Encourage Social Interaction: Promote shared play and teach basic social skills.
- Support Autonomy: Include the child and young person in daily tasks to develop daily living skills and help them regulate their emotions.
- Education and Awareness: Inform family, friends, and environment about the characteristics of ASD to foster empathy and understanding.
Additional Resources
For more information and resources on ASD, you can visit:
- ConecTEA Foundation: https://www.fundacionconectea.org/
- Autism Confederation Spain: https://autismo.org.es/
- Spanish Autism Federation: https://fespau.es/
Early detection of ASD is crucial to provide support and specialized care to children from an early age and help them in their development to enable them to reach their full potential. We invite you to listen to our Doctor of Psychology, Nuria Ros, on La Tarde con Marina to expand the information on autism spectrum disorder. At Dide.org we are experts in detecting educational, emotional and behavioral potentials and difficulties early in order to intervene. You can access the diagnostic tool in this link.
